Green Supply Chain Management
By Charisios Achillas, Dionysis D. Bochtis, Dimitrios Aidonis and Dimitris Folinas
Contents
List of figures viii
List of tables x
List of acronyms xi
1 Green supply chain framework 1
2 From traditional supply chain to green supply chain 5
3 Enablers and barriers of the green supply chain 14
4 Inbound logistics (green procurement) 38
5 Green production 64
6 Outbound logistics (green transportation and distribution) 74
7 Green packaging 87
8 Reverse logistics 97
9 Decision-making in the green supply chain 136
10 Technologies of marketing and supply chain management synergies 146
References 169
Index 174
Figures
1.1 Green supply chain framework 2
2.1 Evolution of supply chains 7
2.2 Top-down, bottom-up and hybrid transformation 9
2.3 Corporate social responsibility elements 10
3.1 Internal barriers summary 16
3.2 External barriers overview 23
3.3 Internal motivators and drivers overview 27
3.4 External motivators and drivers overview 31
4.1 Benefits from green practices in procurement 43
4.2 Green procurement life cycle 45
5.1 Stages of green production 67
5.2 The ten principles of eco-design 71
6.1 Allocation of energy consumption 75
6.2 Allocation of GHG emissions 76
6.3 Green practices in transportation/distribution 83
7.1 Benefits and disadvantages of environmental labels 90
7.2 Environmental labeling process 94
7.3 Environmental labeling applications 95
8.1 Hierarchy of waste management alternative strategies 98
8.2 Product’s life cycle 98
8.3 Typical composition of WEEE 101
8.4 Stream of EEE product at the end of its life cycle 104
8.5 Stages of material recovery from WEEE 105
8.6 Stages for WEEE material recovery process 106
8.7 Methodological framework for the integrated assessment
of WEEE 110
8.8 Key considerations within the sustainable
development concept 112
8.9 Application of Pareto law in WEEE management 113
8.10 Main sources of ECDW 116
8.11 Key issues that influence the type and quantity of ECDW 117
8.12 Ranking of ECDW management policies 120
8.13 Key technological issues in ECDW management 121
8.14 Material and information flow in the construction
industry supply chain 124
8.15 Parameters that need to be considered in the design of a
building 126
9.1 Assessment frameworks and methods 137
10.1 Aspects of GrICT and GSCM relations 146
10.2 Aspects of GrICT in GSCM 147
10.3 Affected areas of GrICT in GSCM 149
10.4 GrICT solutions in the market 150
10.5 Stages in the life cycle of products and services, from
raw material acquisition through end-of-life disposition
(cradle-to-grave) 151
10.6 RFID functional elements 156
10.7 Sensors inside the container 157
10.8 Sensors/embedded systems in “smart” container 158
10.9 ecoCycle starting page 162
10.10 Entry of data relating to the production process 163
10.11 Data entry relating to energy consumption 165
10.12 Data entry relating to waste management 166
10.13 Results of calculations 167
2.1 Evolution of supply chains 7
2.2 Top-down, bottom-up and hybrid transformation 9
2.3 Corporate social responsibility elements 10
3.1 Internal barriers summary 16
3.2 External barriers overview 23
3.3 Internal motivators and drivers overview 27
3.4 External motivators and drivers overview 31
4.1 Benefits from green practices in procurement 43
4.2 Green procurement life cycle 45
5.1 Stages of green production 67
5.2 The ten principles of eco-design 71
6.1 Allocation of energy consumption 75
6.2 Allocation of GHG emissions 76
6.3 Green practices in transportation/distribution 83
7.1 Benefits and disadvantages of environmental labels 90
7.2 Environmental labeling process 94
7.3 Environmental labeling applications 95
8.1 Hierarchy of waste management alternative strategies 98
8.2 Product’s life cycle 98
8.3 Typical composition of WEEE 101
8.4 Stream of EEE product at the end of its life cycle 104
8.5 Stages of material recovery from WEEE 105
8.6 Stages for WEEE material recovery process 106
8.7 Methodological framework for the integrated assessment
of WEEE 110
8.8 Key considerations within the sustainable
development concept 112
8.9 Application of Pareto law in WEEE management 113
8.10 Main sources of ECDW 116
8.11 Key issues that influence the type and quantity of ECDW 117
8.12 Ranking of ECDW management policies 120
8.13 Key technological issues in ECDW management 121
8.14 Material and information flow in the construction
industry supply chain 124
8.15 Parameters that need to be considered in the design of a
building 126
9.1 Assessment frameworks and methods 137
10.1 Aspects of GrICT and GSCM relations 146
10.2 Aspects of GrICT in GSCM 147
10.3 Affected areas of GrICT in GSCM 149
10.4 GrICT solutions in the market 150
10.5 Stages in the life cycle of products and services, from
raw material acquisition through end-of-life disposition
(cradle-to-grave) 151
10.6 RFID functional elements 156
10.7 Sensors inside the container 157
10.8 Sensors/embedded systems in “smart” container 158
10.9 ecoCycle starting page 162
10.10 Entry of data relating to the production process 163
10.11 Data entry relating to energy consumption 165
10.12 Data entry relating to waste management 166
10.13 Results of calculations 167
List of tables
4.1 Best practices for the application of green procurement techniques in enterprises 42
4.2 Best practices of the application of green procurement techniques in the public sector 42
4.3 Example of scoring model 53
4.4 Weighing qualitative criteria in pairs 56
4.5 Calculation of criteria weightings 56
4.6 Assessing alternatives by criterion A 57
4.7 Assessing alternatives by criterion B 57
4.8 Assessing alternatives by criterion C 57
4.9 Assessing alternatives by criterion D 57
4.10 Assessing alternatives by criterion E 58
4.11 Overall assessment of alternatives based on qualitative criteria 59
4.12 Rating of alternatives based on quantitative criteria 59
4.13 Final assessment of alternatives 61
5.1 Simplified life cycle assessment methods 69
6.1 Basic types of environmental indicators and benefits in the context of local food supply chains 79
8.1 Hazardous materials in EEE products and disposal methods 103
8.2 Construction waste management options 122
8.3 Comparative presentation of the advantages of carrying out selective deconstruction works and conventional building demolition 133
8.4 Major restrictions on the application of selective
deconstruction process 134
4.2 Best practices of the application of green procurement techniques in the public sector 42
4.3 Example of scoring model 53
4.4 Weighing qualitative criteria in pairs 56
4.5 Calculation of criteria weightings 56
4.6 Assessing alternatives by criterion A 57
4.7 Assessing alternatives by criterion B 57
4.8 Assessing alternatives by criterion C 57
4.9 Assessing alternatives by criterion D 57
4.10 Assessing alternatives by criterion E 58
4.11 Overall assessment of alternatives based on qualitative criteria 59
4.12 Rating of alternatives based on quantitative criteria 59
4.13 Final assessment of alternatives 61
5.1 Simplified life cycle assessment methods 69
6.1 Basic types of environmental indicators and benefits in the context of local food supply chains 79
8.1 Hazardous materials in EEE products and disposal methods 103
8.2 Construction waste management options 122
8.3 Comparative presentation of the advantages of carrying out selective deconstruction works and conventional building demolition 133
8.4 Major restrictions on the application of selective
deconstruction process 134
Acronyms
ANP analytic network process
BSI British Standards Institution
B2B business-to-business
CBA cost-benefit analysis
CDW construction and demolition waste
CSR corporate social responsibility
CVM contingent valuation method
DTD door to door
DW data warehousing
ECDW excavation, construction and demolition waste management
ECOEFA eco-efficiency analysis
EEE electrical and electronic equipment
EF ecological footprint
EIA environmental impact analysis
EMAS environmental management and auditing scheme
EMS environmental management system
EPD environmental product declaration
ESPD European single procurement document
GHG greenhouse gases
GSC green supply chain
GSCM green supply chain management
HPM hedonic pricing method
ICT information and communication technologies
IoT Internet of Things
IRR internal rate of return
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITS intelligent transportation systems
JIT just in time
KEPI key environmental performance indicator
LCA life cycle analysis
LCC life cycle costing
LCSD life cycle sustainability dashboard
MCA multi-criteria analysis
MIPS material intensity per service unit
NPV net present value
OLAP online analytical processing
QASI quantitative assessment of sustainability indices
RFI request for information
RFID radio frequency identification
RFP request for proposal
RFQ request for quote
R&D research and development
SEA strategic environmental assessments
SME small and medium enterprise
SPP sustainable public procurement
SRG sustainability reporting guidelines
TCO total cost of ownership
TQM total quality management
VMI vendor-managed inventory
VOC volatile organic compounds
WEEE waste electrical and electronic equipment
3PL third-party logistics
BSI British Standards Institution
B2B business-to-business
CBA cost-benefit analysis
CDW construction and demolition waste
CSR corporate social responsibility
CVM contingent valuation method
DTD door to door
DW data warehousing
ECDW excavation, construction and demolition waste management
ECOEFA eco-efficiency analysis
EEE electrical and electronic equipment
EF ecological footprint
EIA environmental impact analysis
EMAS environmental management and auditing scheme
EMS environmental management system
EPD environmental product declaration
ESPD European single procurement document
GHG greenhouse gases
GSC green supply chain
GSCM green supply chain management
HPM hedonic pricing method
ICT information and communication technologies
IoT Internet of Things
IRR internal rate of return
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITS intelligent transportation systems
JIT just in time
KEPI key environmental performance indicator
LCA life cycle analysis
LCC life cycle costing
LCSD life cycle sustainability dashboard
MCA multi-criteria analysis
MIPS material intensity per service unit
NPV net present value
OLAP online analytical processing
QASI quantitative assessment of sustainability indices
RFI request for information
RFID radio frequency identification
RFP request for proposal
RFQ request for quote
R&D research and development
SEA strategic environmental assessments
SME small and medium enterprise
SPP sustainable public procurement
SRG sustainability reporting guidelines
TCO total cost of ownership
TQM total quality management
VMI vendor-managed inventory
VOC volatile organic compounds
WEEE waste electrical and electronic equipment
3PL third-party logistics