Contents
List of contributors xi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles xiii
1 Introduction to active coatings for smart textiles 1
J.L. Hu
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Functions and applications of active coating 3
1.3 Development of smart materials for active coating 4
1.4 Development of processing technologies for active coating 5
1.5 Outline of the book 6
References 7
Part One Types of active coatings 9
2 Memory polymer coatings for smart textiles 11
J.L. Hu, J. Lu
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Memory polymers 12
2.3 Functions of memory coating textiles 18
2.4 Conclusions 28
References 29
3 Environmentally mild self-cleaning processes on textile surfaces
under daylight irradiation: critical issues 35
J. Kiwi, S. Rtimi
3.1 Introduction: self-cleaning of textiles by mild environmental sunlight-activated processes 35
3.2 Pretreatment by and functionalization of surfaces by radiofrequency plasma and ultraviolet-C (184 nanomoles) 36
3.3 Coating by colloidal titanium dioxide of artificial fibers such
as polyamide and polyester: evaluation of self-cleaning performance under low-intensity solar irradiation 37
3.4 Coating by colloidal titanium dioxide of natural fibers: evaluation of self-cleaning performance under low-intensity solar irradiation 41
3.5 Cotton self-cleaning by titanium dioxide clusters attached by chemical spacers under low-intensity solar irradiation 43
3.6 Self-cleaning cotton textiles titanium dioxideemodified by silicon dioxideeprotective layers 45
3.7 Coatings by binary oxides and/or promoted or enhanced copper-binary oxides leading to faster stain discoloration under low-intensity solar irradiation: reaction mechanism and surface characterization 46
3.8 Trend of work in this area: future directions 52
Acknowledgments 52
References 52
4 Smart durable and self-healing textile coatings 55
P. Heyse, I. De Vilder, M. Vanneste
4.1 Introduction 55
4.2 Types and classifications of smart coatings for improving textile durability 55
4.3 Properties of textiles with durability-enhancing coatings 64
4.4 Applications of smart durable and self-healing textiles 71
4.5 Future trends 75
4.6 Conclusions 76
Sources of further information 76
Acknowledgments 77
References 77
5 Smart breathable coatings for textiles 81
V.K. Midha, A. Mukhopadhyay
5.1 Introduction 81
5.2 Working principles of smart breathable coatings 85
5.3 Materials for breathable coating 90
5.4 Methods of generating hydrophilic and microporous coatings 93
5.5 Testing and evaluation of different breathable coated fabrics 97
5.6 Applications 104
5.7 Conclusions and future trends 106
References 107
6 Conductive polymer coatings 113
A. Kaynak
6.1 Introduction 113
6.2 Conductive polymers for textile coating 113
6.3 Properties and applications of conducting polymers 123
6.4 Conclusion 132
References 134
7 Natural photonic materials for textile coatings 137
H. Fan, N. Lin, X.Y. Liu
7.1 Introduction 137
7.2 Types and classifications of natural photonic materials 139
7.3 Photonic structures brought to textile coating 147
7.4 Structural-colored sensors by external stimuli 149
7.5 Summary and outlook 154
Acknowledgement 155
References 155
Part Two Smart coating processes and technologies 157
8 Coating processes and techniques for smart textiles 159
R.E. Meirowitz
8.1 Introduction 159
8.2 Substrate and coating interactions 160
8.3 Overview of coating 162
8.4 Traditional processes for textile coating 163
8.5 Coating for smart textiles 167
8.6 Future trends 173
References 174
9 Microencapsulation technology for smart textile coatings 179
F. Sala€un
9.1 Introduction 179
9.2 Benefits of microencapsulation for textiles 183
9.3 Microencapsulation technologies 184
9.4 Application procedures of microcapsules on textile substrate 194
9.5 Smart end uses of textile substrates containing microcapsules 199
9.6 Conclusions 209
References 210
10 Plasma surface treatments for smart textiles 221
C.-W. Kan
10.1 Introduction 221
10.2 Principles of plasma creation 222
10.3 Plasmaesubstrate interactions 223
10.4 Applications of plasma surface treatments in smart textiles 227
10.5 Future trends 235
10.6 Conclusion 235
Sources of further information 235
References 236
11 Nanotechnology-based coating techniques for smart textiles 243
M. Parvinzadeh Gashti, E. Pakdel, F. Alimohammadi
11.1 Introduction 243
11.2 Types and classifications of nanotechnology-based coating techniques 244
11.3 Nanofibre coating via electrospinning 255
11.4 Future trends 261
11.5 Conclusion 263
References 263
12 Biomimetic nanocoatings for structural coloration of textiles 269
J. Shao, G. Liu, L. Zhou
12.1 Introduction 269
12.2 Characterization of biomimetic structural coloration 270
12.3 Structural colors of thin-film interference on textiles with electrostatic self-assembly 271
12.4 Structural colors of photonic crystals on textiles 284
12.5 Conclusions and future trends 296
Acknowledgments 297
References 297
13 Functional modification of fiber surface via solegel technology 301
C. Wang, Y. Yin
13.1 Introduction 301
13.2 Hydrophobic and oleophobic modifications 302
13.3 Anti-ultraviolet property using titanium dioxide hybrid sol 307
13.4 Antibacterial finishing using cationic or titanium dioxide hybrid sol 312
13.5 Color fixation using smart silane coupling agent hybrid sol 316
13.6 Conclusion 322
Acknowledgments 323
References 323
Part Three Applications of smart textiles with responsive coatings 329
14 Smart coatings for comfort in clothing 331
D. Jocic
14.1 Introduction 331
14.2 Principles of comfort in textiles and clothing 332
14.3 Technologies for smart textile coatings 337
14.4 Functions of smart textile/apparel coatings 346
14.5 Future trends 348
14.6 Conclusion 349
Sources of further information 350
References 350
15 Smart coatings for sportswear 355
M. Manshahia, A. Das, R. Alagirusamy
15.1 Introduction 355
15.2 Smart coating and functional requirements of sportswear 356
15.3 Smart coatings to enhance comfort in sportswear 357
15.4 Smart coating to provide protection 361
15.5 Smart coating for performance enhancement 365
15.6 Smart textiles for health and motion monitoring in sportswear 368
15.7 Conclusions 369
References 370
16 Smart coatings for protective clothing 375
H. Cao
16.1 Introduction 375
16.2 Smart coating for body armor application 376
16.3 Smart coating for hazardous material protective clothing 380
16.4 Smart coating for health care protective clothing 382
16.5 Smart coating for firefighter protective clothing 383
16.6 Future trends 386
References 386
17 Smart medical textiles based on cyclodextrins for curative or preventive patient care 391
L. Leclercq
17.1 Introduction 391
17.2 Cyclodextrin production, binding properties, and applications 392
17.3 Cyclodextrins grafted on textiles for medical purposes 406
17.4 Conclusion and perspectives 420
Acknowledgment 421
References 421
18 Smart coatings for textiles in architecture 429
A. Ritter
18.1 Introduction 429
18.2 Current trends in advanced architecture and smart textiles for architectural applications 429
18.3 Current components and types of smart-coated textiles for architectural applications 433
18.4 Future trends in advanced architecture and smart textiles for architectural applications 443
18.5 Applications for interior, exterior use and for actuators 447
References 451
Further reading 452
Index 455