Functional Finishes for Textiles: Improving Comfort, Performance and Protection Edited by Roshan Paul

Table of Contents

1: Functional finishes for textiles: an overview
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Types of functional finishes
1.3 Finishes for improving comfort and performance
1.4 Finishes for protecting wearers and textiles
1.5 Future trends and challenges
1.6 Conclusion

Part One: Improving comfort and performance

2: Thermal regulation finishes for textiles
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Mechanisms of thermal regulation in textiles
2.3 Phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal regulation
2.4 Storage of PCMs for thermal regulation
2.5 Supercooling and thermal conductivity
2.6 Application of PCMs and PCM based products to textiles
2.7 Testing the effectiveness of finishes
2.8 Market profile and commercial application areas
2.9 Future trends and challenges
2.10 Conclusion

3: Moisture management and soil release finishes for textiles
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Mechanisms of moisture management and soil release
3.3 Chemistry and application methods
3.4 Testing the effectiveness of finishes
3.5 Future trends and challenges
3.6 Conclusion
References

4: Softening finishes for textiles and clothing
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Mechanisms of softening
4.3 Types of softeners and methods of application
4.4 Recent advances in softening finishes
4.5 Application of softening finishes on textiles
4.6 Evaluation of softening finishes
4.7 Future trends and challenges
4.8 Conclusion
References

5: Enzymatic biofinishes for synthetic textiles
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Enzymatic biofinishing of polyester fibres
5.3 Enzymatic biofinishing of polyamide fibres
5.4 Enzymatic biofinishing of acrylic fibres
5.5 Future trends
5.6 Conclusion
5.8 Acknowledgements
References

6: Commercial shrink-resist finishes for wool
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Dimensional stability of wool products
6.3 Continuous felt-resist treatment of wool
6.4 Batchwise felt-resist treatment of wool
6.5 Quality assurance and accreditation of felt-resist processes
6.6 Blending wool with other fibres
6.7 Future trends
6.8 Conclusion
References

7: Easy care finishes for textiles
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Formaldehyde based crosslinking agents
7.3 Low formaldehyde crosslinking agents
7.4 Formaldehyde free crosslinking agents
7.5 Applications of easy care finishes
7.6 Methods to determine easy care behaviour
7.7 Health, safety and environmental aspects
7.8 Future trends
7.9 Conclusion
References

8: Self cleaning finishes for textiles
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Superhydrophobicity and self cleaning
8.3 Superhydrophobic structures in nature
8.4 Creating superhydrophobic surfaces on textiles
8.5 Challenges in the development of superhydrophobic surfaces
8.6 Non-textile applications of superhydrophobic surfaces
8.7 Photocatalysis using TiO2 for self cleaning
8.8 TiO2 based self cleaning treatments for textiles
8.9 TiO2 photocatalysis versus superhydrophobicity
8.10 Future trends
8.11 Conclusion

9: Superabsorbent finishes for textiles
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Types of superabsorbent finishes and methods of application
9.3 Superabsorbency mechanisms
9.4 End uses and technical applications
9.5 Testing the effectiveness of superabsorbent finishes
9.6 Future trends and challenges
9.7 Conclusion
9.8 Sources of further information and advice
References

10: Medical, cosmetic and odour resistant finishes for textiles
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Different techniques for functionalising textiles
10.3 Advantages and disadvantages of different technologies
10.4 Applications of medical textiles
10.5 Applications of cosmetotextiles
10.6 Applications of odour resistant textiles
10.7 Performance analysis and safety aspects
10.8 Future trends
10.9 Conclusion
References

Part Two: Protecting wearers and textiles

11: Insect repellent finishes for textiles
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Mechanisms of repellent action
11.3 Types of insect repellent finishes
11.4 Development of insect repellent textiles
11.5 Testing the effectiveness of finishes
11.6 Future trends and challenges
11.7 Conclusion
References

12: Antimicrobial finishes for textiles
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Types of antimicrobial finishes
12.3 Methods of application
12.4 Mechanism of antimicrobial finishes
12.5 Evaluation of antimicrobial finishing
12.6 Troubleshooting for antimicrobial finishes
12.7 Future trends and challenges
12.8 Conclusion
12.9 Sources of further information and advice
References

13: Hydrophobic and oleophobic finishes for textiles
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Mechanism and chemistry of hydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces
13.3 Hydrophobic and oleophobic textiles
13.4 Overview of testing methods
13.5 Future trends and challenges
13.6 Conclusion
13.7 Acknowledgements
References

14: Flame retardant finishes for textiles
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Mode of action of flame retardants
14.3 Developments in flame retardant chemicals
14.4 Flame retardant treatments
14.5 Applications of flame retardant textiles
14.6 Assessing the flame retardancy of textiles
14.7 Regulations for coated textiles
14.8 Future trends and challenges
14.9 Conclusion
References

15: Ultraviolet protection finishes for textiles
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Mechanisms of UV protection
15.3 Chemistry and mechanisms of UV protection finishes
15.4 UV protection finishing for various textile structures
15.5 Nanotechnology based UV protection finishing
15.6 Test methods for efficacy of UV protection finishes
15.7 Future trends and challenges
15.8 Conclusion
References

16: Radiation protection finishes for textiles
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Electromagnetic radiation: exposure sources and effects
16.3 Shielding mechanism and evaluation of radiation protection
16.4 Types of finishes for ionizing radiation shielding
16.5 Types of finishes for non-ionizing radiation shielding
16.6 Textile finishing durability
16.7 Future trends and challenges
16.8 Conclusion
16.9 Acknowledgements
References

17: Antistatic and electrically conductive finishes for textiles
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Electrostatic phenomena
17.3 Electrical resistivity and conductivity
17.4 Theory of electrostatic charge
17.5 Mechanisms of charge dissipation on insulating surfaces
17.6 Effect of static charge
17.7 Electrostatic measurement methods
17.8 Static control in textile fibres
17.9 Antistatic finishing agents and finishes
17.10 Applications of antistatic and electrically conductive textiles
17.11 Future trends and challenges
17.12 Conclusion
17.13 Sources of further information and advice

18: Biological and chemical protective finishes for textiles
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Mechanisms and chemistry of protective finishes
18.3 Types of finishes and application methods
18.4 Challenges involved in textile application
18.5 Testing the safety and effectiveness of finishes
18.6 Future trends and challenges
18.7 Conclusion
References

19: Ballistic and impact protection finishes for textiles
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Mechanisms of protection
19.3 Types of protective finishes
19.4 Application of protective finishes and the challenges
19.5 Testing the effectiveness of finishes
19.6 Future trends and challenges
19.7 Conclusion
References

20: Environmental and safety issues regarding functional finishes
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Legal demands
20.3 Requirements for cosmetotextiles
20.4 Requirements related to nanotechnologies
20.5 Demands from consumers: ecolabels
20.6 Improving the environmental profile
20.7 Conclusion
20.8 Sources of further information and advice
References