Contents
Contributor contact details xi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles xiii
Introduction xxi
Part I Aspects of textile durability
1 The influence of fabric construction and fibretype on textile durability: woven, knittedand nonwoven fabrics 3
D. PETRULIS, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Woven, knitted and nonwoven fabric structures 4
1.3 Fibre and yarn properties that affect fabric durability 9
1.4 Durability of woven, knitted and nonwoven fabric structures 14
1.5 Durability of technical textiles: medical and breathable textiles 22
1.6 Future trends 24
1.7 Sources of further information and advice 26
1.8 Acknowledgement 26
1.9 References 26
2 Strength properties of fabrics: understanding, testing and enhancing fabric strength 31
J. N. CHAKRABORTY, National Institute of Technology, India
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Principles of fabric strength and its influence on durability 34
2.3 Methods for testing fabric strength 40
2.4 Factors affecting fabric strength 45
2.5 Approaches to enhance fabric strength 50
2.6 Examples of durable textiles 53
2.7 Future trends 55
2.8 Sources of further information and advice 56
2.9 References 56
3 Dimensional stability of fabrics: resistance to shrinkage and other dimensional changes 59
S. F. NG, C. L. HUI and C. IP, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, China
3.1 Introduction 59
3.2 Types of shrinkage 60
3.3 Treatments to maximise dimensional stability in fabrics 62
3.4 Case study: minimising shrinkage in knitted fabrics 65
3.5 Future trends 68
3.6 References 68
4 Durable press treatments to improve the durability and wrinkle resistance of cotton and other fabrics 70
W. XU and X. WANG, Wuhan Textile University, China
4.1 Introduction 70
4.2 Development of durable press reagents 72
4.3 Properties affected by durable press treatments and other methods to improve durability 75
4.4 Recent developments and future trends 78
4.5 References 79
5 Colour fastness 82
J. VALLDEPERAS-MORELL and F. CARRILLO-NAVARRETE, Universitat
Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
5.1 Introduction 82
5.2 Principles of colour fastness 83
5.3 Colour fastness and dye–fibre system mechanism 87
5.4 Testing colour fastness 91
5.5 Applications and examples of colour fastness tests 95
5.6 Future trends 100
5.7 Sources of further information and advice 101
5.8 References 102
6 Effects of light exposure on textile durability 104
V. RUBEZIENE, S. VARNAITE, J. BALTUSNIKAITE and I. PADLECKIENE,
SRI Center for Physical Sciences and Technology Textile Institute,
Lithuania
6.1 Introduction 104
6.2 The influence of sunlight on natural fibres 105
6.3 The influence of sunlight on synthetic and high performance textiles 108
6.4 The process of photochemical destruction of textile materials 112
6.5 Assessing the durability of textiles to light exposure 115
6.6 Methods for improving the durability of textiles exposed to light 117
6.7 Future trends 121
6.8 References 121
7 Testing textile durability 126
M. BIDE, University of Rhode Island, USA
7.1 Introduction 126
7.2 Durability in textiles 127
7.3 Textile test methods 128
7.4 Testing strength and abrasion resistance 133
7.5 Testing for color loss in use 135
7.6 Testing the effects of laundering on fabric properties 137
7.7 Conclusions 141
7.8 References 141
Part II Durability of particular types of textiles
8 Durable antimicrobial textiles: types, finishes and applications 145
V. P. DHENDE, I. R. HARDIN and J. LOCKLIN, University of Georgia,
USA
8.1 Introduction 145
8.2 Microbial degradation of natural fibers 146
8.3 Microbial degradation of synthetic fibers 149
8.4 Antimicrobial treatments for textiles 151
8.5 Applications of antimicrobial finishes: the example of medical textiles 164
8.6 Future trends and conclusions 164
8.7 Sources of further information and advice 165
8.8 References 165
9 Durability of protective clothing 174
A. SHAW, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, USA
9.1 Introduction 174
9.2 Testing the durability of protective clothing 176
9.3 Other factors that can affect the durability of protective clothing 179
9.4 Future trends and conclusions 181
9.5 References 182
10 Durability of historic textiles 184
P. GARSIDE, British Library, UK
10.1 Introduction 184
10.2 Main durability issues that affect historic textiles 185
10.3 Durability of different fibres and fabrics 188
10.4 Physical context, environment and storage conditions 192
10.5 Conservation of historic textiles 194
10.6 Case studies of historic textiles 195
10.7 Conclusion 200
10.8 References 201
11 Silk durability and degradation 205
N. LUXFORD, University College London, UK
11.1 Introduction 205
11.2 Key issues for silk durability 206
11.3 Deterioration of silk 210
11.4 Methods to improve the durability of silk 214
11.5 The impact of treatments to improve the durability of silk 219
11.6 Future trends 223
11.7 Sources of further information and advice 224
11.8 References 225
12 Durable geotextiles 233
H.-Y. JEON, Inha University, Republic of Korea
12.1 Introduction 233
12.2 Durability of nonwoven geotextiles in chemical and waste leachate solutions 234
12.3 Protection performance of nonwoven geotextiles in waste landfill 240
12.4 Weatherability of woven geotextiles for soft ground improvement 249
12.5 Durability of nonwoven geotextiles in simulated seawater solution 255
12.6 Conclusions 260
12.7 References 260
Index 263