Contents
Part I Introduction
1 Electrospun Nanofibers: Solving Global Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Yang Si, Xiaomin Tang, Jianyong Yu, and Bin Ding
Part II Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy Applications
2 Electrospun Nanofibers for Design and Fabrication
of Electrocatalysts and Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel cells . . . . . . . . . 41
Zhan Lin, Yingfang Yao, and Xiangwu Zhang
3 Applications of Electrospinning in Design and Fabrication
of Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Aikifa Raza, Jianyong Yu, Yunyun Zhai, Gang Sun, and Bin Ding
4 Electrospun Fibrous Membranes as Separators
of Lithium-Ion Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Shuiliang Chen, Wan Ye, and Haoqing Hou
5 Electrospun Oxide Nanofibers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. . . . . . . . . 111
Qinghong Zhang, Yichuan Rui, and Li Zhang
6 Application of Electrospun Nanofibers in Organic Photovoltaics .. . . . 141
Surawut Chuangchote and Takashi Sagawa
7 Application of Nanofibers in Supercapacitors .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Kai Wei and Ick Soo Kim
8 Applications of Bulk and Nanostructured Polyaniline
in Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Sesha S. Srinivasan
9 Electrospinning of Phase-Change Materials for Thermal
Energy Storage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 227
LingeWang, Changzhong Chen, and Yong Huang
10 Electrospun Nanofibrous Sorbents and Membranes for
Carbon Dioxide Capture .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
XianfengWang and Bingyun Li
Part III Electrospun Nanofibers for Environmental Applications
11 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
XueqinWang, Yan Li, and Bin Ding
12 Electrospun Nanofibers for Air Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Na Wang, Xue Mao, Shichao Zhang, Jianyong Yu,
and Bin Ding
13 Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Liquid Filtration.. . . . . . . . . . 325
Ran Wang, Benjamin S. Hsiao, and Benjamin Chu
14 Protective Clothing Based on Electrospun Nanofibrous
Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 355
Aikifa Raza, Yang Li, Junlu Sheng, Jianyong Yu,
and Bin Ding
15 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Photocatalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Xiaofeng Lu and Ce Wang
16 Multicomponent Nanofibers via Electrospinning
of Polymers and Colloidal Dispersions for Environmental
and Optical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Keqin Zhang, Wei Yuan, Ning Zhou, and Chaojie Wu
17 Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers in Oil Spill Cleanup . . . . . . . . . 433
Aikifa Raza, Jianlong Ge, Yang Si, Jianyong Yu, Gang Sun, and Bin Ding
18 Electrospun Superhydrophobic Self-Cleaning Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
Yong Zhao and Nü Wang
19 Adsorbents Based on Electrospun Nanofibers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
XueqinWang, Jianlong Ge, Yang Si, and Bin Ding
20 Application of Electrospun Nanofibers in Electromagnetic
Interference Shielding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 497
Qing-Qing Ni, Hong Xia, Xudong Jin, and Fan Liu
Preface
Energy and environment head the list of top global problems facing society in the twenty-first century.Nanotechnology is responding to these challenges by designing and fabricating functional nanofibers optimized for energy and environmental applications. The route towards these nano-objects is based primarily on electrospinning: a highly versatile method that allows the fabrication of continuous fibers with diameters down to a few nanometers. In recent years, breakthroughs in electrospun nanofibers, especially in their applications in the energy and environmental sectors, have opened up the possibility of moving beyond our current options to ensure sustainable energy and preserve our environment for the future.
This book, Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy and Environmental Applications, is a collection of 20 chapters contributed by the world’s leading experts in the electrospinning field. Each chapter covers a special subject that falls within three general areas: Introduction, energy applications, and environmental applications, corresponding to the three parts of the book.
Part I Introduction first provides a general overview of the electrospinning technique, including the history, basic principles, theoretical background, and controlling parameters. This is followed by a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofibers, involving the materials classes as well as the morphologies and structures of nanofibers. Finally, a brief analysis of nanofibers used for advanced energy and environmental applications indicates their substantial and promising impact. Part II Electrospun nanofibers for energy applications covers the main developments in the use of nanofibers in energy conservation and storage. Each chapter reports on recent contributions of nanofibers in selected areas of energy, such as fuel cells, electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, separators for lithium-ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, organic and hybrid solar cells, super capacitors, hydrogen storage, thermal storage, and carbon dioxide capture.
Part III Electrospun nanofibers for environmental applications focuses on the potential applications of nanofibers in environmental monitoring and management, which are mainly concerned with the ever-growing issues of water and air pollution. These chapters present how functional nanofibers help to improve the environment in contexts such as sensors, air and liquid filtration, structurally-colored fibers, fibers with photocatalytic, self-cleaning and adsorbent properties, oil spill clean-up, and electromagnetic shielding, examining them in depth.
This book is intended to provide a balanced treatment of the various topics of electrospun nanofibers in energy and environmental-related areas with both a general overview and detailed discussions to suit a broader audience. We sincerely hope it will pique your interest in electrospun nanofibers and their fascinating applications in energy and environmental related areas.
Bin Ding, Jianyong Yu