Computational Intelligence in Logistics and Supply Chain Management PDF by Thomas Hanne and Rolf Dornberger

By

Computational Intelligence in Logistics and Supply Chain Management
By Thomas Hanne and Rolf Dornberger
Computational Intelligence in Logistics and Supply Chain Management


Contents

1 Introduction to Logistics and Supply Chain Management . . . . . . 1
1.1 The Concept of Logistics and Supply Chain Management . . . . . 1
1.2 A Short History of Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Recent Trends and the Modern Importance of Logistics . . . . . . 5
1.4 The Need for a Better Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2 Computational Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1 Foundations of Computational Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.1.1 Artificial and Computational Intelligence and Related
Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.1.2 Properties of Computational Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1.3 The Big Picture of Computational Intelligence . . . . . . . 18
2.1.4 Application Areas of Computational Intelligence . . . . . . 20
2.2 Methods of Computational Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.2.1 Evolutionary Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.2.2 Evolutionary Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.2.3 Swarm Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.4 Neural Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.2.5 Fuzzy Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2.6 Artificial Immune System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.2.7 Further Related Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3 Transportation Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3.1 Assignment Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.2 Shortest Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.3 The Travelling Salesman Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.4 Methods for Solving the Travelling Salesman Problem . . . . . . . 50
3.4.1 Heuristics for the Travelling Salesman Problem . . . . . . . 50
3.4.2 Evolutionary Algorithms for the Travelling
Salesman Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.4.3 Other Metaheuristics and Neural Networks
for the Travelling Salesman Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.4.4 On the Performance of Solution Approaches . . . . . . . . . 56
3.5 The Vehicle Routing Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.5.1 The Vehicle Routing Problem
with Time Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.5.2 The Vehicle Routing Problem
with Multiple Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.5.3 The Vehicle Routing Problem
with Multiple Depots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.5.4 More Differentiated Problem Variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.6 Solution Approaches for Vehicle Routing Problems . . . . . . . . . 62
3.7 The Pickup and Delivery Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
3.8 Network Flow Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4 Inventory Planning and Lot-Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.1 The Need for Inventory Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.2 Economic Order Quantities and Safety Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.3 Capacitated Lot-Sizing Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.4 Solution Approaches for Capacitated
Lot-Sizing Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.5 Planning Warehouse Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.6 Storage Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.7 Inventory Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
5 Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5.2 Simple Rules and Heuristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
5.3 Standard Scheduling Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
5.3.1 Job Shop Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
5.3.2 Flow Shop Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
5.3.3 Open Shop Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
5.4 Specific Scheduling Problems in Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
5.5 Solving Scheduling Problems with Computational
Intelligence Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.5.1 Encoding Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.5.2 Usage of Metaheuristics in Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
6 Location Planning and Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
6.1 Location Planning as Multicriteria Decision Problems . . . . . . . 121
6.2 Discrete Location Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
6.2.1 The p-Median Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
6.2.2 The p-Center Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
6.2.3 The Uncapacitated Facility Location
Problem (UFLP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
6.2.4 The Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) . . . . 133
6.3 Continuous Location Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
6.3.1 The Uncapacitated Multi-facility
Weber Problem (UMWP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
6.3.2 The Capacitated Multi-facility Weber
Problem (CMWP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
6.4 Location Routing Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
6.5 Hub Location Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
6.6 Multi-Echelon Network Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
6.7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
7 Intelligent Software for Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
7.1 General-Purpose Optimization Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
7.1.1 Setting Up a Suitable Model for the Optimization
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
7.1.2 Integration of Optimization Software with Logistics
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
7.1.3 Adapting the Method to the Problem
Under Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
7.2 Software Providing Specific Optimization Algorithms
or Supporting Particular Optimization Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
7.3 General-Purpose Business Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
7.4 Logistics Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
7.4.1 Warehouse Management Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
7.4.2 Software for Transportation Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
7.4.3 Packing and Loading Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
7.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Authors Brief Biographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
 
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