Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
By Susan Standring
By Susan Standring
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Preface Commentary
The continuing relevance of anatomy in current
surgical practice and research
R Shane Tubbs
Acknowledgements x
Contributors xi
Historical introduction
A brief history of Gray’s Anatomy
Ruth Richardson
Anatomical nomenclature xvi
Bibliography of selected titles xviii
SECTION 1: CELLS, TISSUES AND SYSTEMS
Section Editor: Caroline B Wigley
1 Basic structure and function of cells 4
Abraham L Kierszenbaum
2 Integrating cells into tissues 28
Caroline B Wigley
3 Nervous system 42
Helmut Kettenmann
4 Blood, lymphoid tissues and haemopoiesis 68
Andrew JT George
5 Functional anatomy of the musculoskeletal
system 81
Michael A Adams
6 Smooth muscle and the cardiovascular and
lymphatic systems 123
Jeremy PT Ward
7 Skin and its appendages 141
John A McGrath, Joey E Lai-Cheong
Commentaries
1.1 Fluorescence microscopy in cell biology today
Dylan M Owen
1.2 Stem cells in regenerative medicine
Jonathan M Fishman, Paolo De Coppi, Martin A Birchall
1.3 Merkel cells
Ellen A Lumpkin
1.4 Metaplasia
Jonathan MW Slack, Leonard P Griffiths, David Tosh
1.5 Electron microscopy in the twenty-first century
Roland A Fleck
1.6 The reaction of peripheral nerves to injury
Rolfe Birch
Videos
Video 1.1 – Mitosis in a cell with fluorescently-labelled
chromosomes and microtubules
Jonathon Pines, Daisuke Izawa
Video 1.5.1 – Diagnostic histopathology by electron microscopy
Video 1.5.2 – Serial block face scanning electron microscopy
(SBFSEM)
Roland A Fleck
SECTION 2: EMBRYOGENESIS
Section Editor: Patricia Collins
8 Preimplantation development 163
Alison Campbell, Patricia Collins
9 Implantation and placentation 171
Eric Jauniaux, Graham J Burton
10 Cell populations at gastrulation 181
Patricia Collins
11 Embryonic induction and cell division 189
Patricia Collins
12 Cell populations at the start of organogenesis 193
Patricia Collins
13 Early embryonic circulation 200
Patricia Collins
14 Pre- and postnatal development 205
Patricia Collins, Girish Jawaheer
15 Development of the limbs 218
Cheryll Tickle
Commentaries
2.1 Human anatomy informatics
Jonathan BL Bard, Paul N Schofield
2.2 An evolutionary consideration of pharyngeal
development
Anthony Graham, Victoria L Shone
Videos
Video 8.1 – Human in vitro fertilization and early development
Alison Campbell
Video 9.1 – Ultrasound features of the maternal placental blood
flow
Eric Jauniaux
Video 14.1 – Ultrasound features of the fetus at 26 weeks
Jonathan D Spratt, Patricia Collins
SECTION 3: NEUROANATOMY
Section Editor: Alan R Crossman
16 Overview of the nervous system 227
Alan R Crossman, Richard Tunstall
17 Development of the nervous system 238
Zoltán Molnár
18 Ventricular system and subarachnoid space 271
Jacob Bertram Springborg, Marianne Juhler
19 Vascular supply and drainage of the brain 280
Paul D Griffiths
20 Spinal cord: internal organization 291
Monty Silverdale
21 Brainstem 309
Duane E Haines
22 Cerebellum 331
Jan Voogd
23 Diencephalon 350
Ido Strauss, Nir Lipsman, Andres M Lozano
24 Basal ganglia 364
Tipu Aziz, Erlick AC Pereira
25 Cerebral hemispheres 373
Guilherme C Ribas
Commentary
3.1 The resting human brain and the predictive potential
of the default mode network
Stefano Sandrone
Videos
Video 18.1 – Interactive 3D rotation of the subarachnoid space
Video 18.2 – Interactive 3D rotation of the ventricles and
cisterns
Jose C Rios
Video 19.1 – Rotational angiography of an intracranial aneurysm
Paul D Griffiths
SECTION 4: HEAD AND NECK
Section Editor: Michael Gleeson
26 Head and neck: overview and surface
anatomy 404
Michael Gleeson, Richard Tunstall
Head and Neck
27 External skull 416
Sue Black
28 Intracranial region 429
Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
29 Neck 442
John C Watkinson, Michael Gleeson
30 Face and scalp 475
Simon Holmes
Upper Aerodigestive Tract
31 Oral cavity 507
Barry KB Berkovitz
32 Infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae
and temporomandibular joint 534
Barrie T Evans
33 Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses 556
Claire Hopkins
34 Pharynx 571
Stephen McHanwell
35 Larynx 586
Stephen McHanwell
36 Development of the head and neck 605
Gillian M Morriss-Kay
Special Senses
37 External and middle ear 624
Michael Gleeson
38 Inner ear 641
David N Furness
39 Development of the ear 658
Susan Standring
40 Development of the eye 661
Jane C Sowden
41 Orbit and accessory visual apparatus 666
John G Lawrenson, Ronald H Douglas
42 Eye 686
Ronald H Douglas, John G Lawrenson
Commentaries
4.1 Surgery of the skull base
Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
4.2 The role of three-dimensional imaging in facial
anatomical assessment
Vikram Sharma, Bruce Richard
4.3 Anatomy of facial ageing
Bryan C Mendelson, Chin-Ho Wong
Videos
Video 28.1 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
horizontal plane
Video 28.2 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
multiaxial plane
Video 28.3 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
vertical plane
Michael D Luttrell
Video 30.1 – Pan-facial fractures
Video 30.2 – Postoperative cranio-orbital imaging
Video 30.3 – A comminuted zygomatic fracture (plus Le Fort I)
pattern
Video 30.4 – A comminuted zygomatic fracture pattern – post
reduction
Simon Holmes
Video 32.1 – Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy
demonstrating intracapsular anatomy of the joint
Gary Warburton
Video 32.2 – Endoscopic anatomy of the infratemporal and
pterygopalatine fossae
Carl H Snyderman, Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
Video 4.2.1 – 3D anatomical imaging of the face
Vikram Sharma
SECTION 5: BACK
Section Editor: Neel Anand
43 Back 710
Eli M Baron, Richard Tunstall
44 Development of the back 751
Bodo EA Christ, Martin Scaal
45 Spinal cord and spinal nerves: gross
anatomy 762
Eli M Baron
Commentary
5.1 Minimally invasive surgical corridors to the lumbar
spine
Y Raja Rampersaud
SECTION 6: PECTORAL GIRDLE AND
UPPER LIMB
Section Editor: Rolfe Birch
46 Pectoral girdle and upper limb: overview and
surface anatomy 776
Rolfe Birch, Richard Tunstall
47 Development of the pectoral girdle and
upper limb 794
Cheryll Tickle
48 Shoulder girdle and arm 797
Simon M Lambert
49 Elbow and forearm 837
Leela C Biant
50 Wrist and hand 862
Alistair C Ross
Commentaries
6.1 Injuries of the supraclavicular brachial plexus
Rolfe Birch
6.2 Nerves at risk from musculoskeletal injury
Rolfe Birch
6.3 Thoracic outlet syndromes
Rolfe Birch
Videos
Video 46.1 – Upper limb surface anatomy
Rolfe Birch
Video 50.1 – Movements of the hand
Rolfe Birch
Video 50.2 – Wrist block: surface anatomy
Dominic Harmon
SECTION 7: THORAX
Section Editor: Jonathan D Spratt
51 Thorax: overview and surface anatomy 898
Jonathan D Spratt, Richard Tunstall
52 Development of the thorax 905
Andrew Bush (lungs), Patricia Collins (thoracic walls),
Antoon FM Moorman (heart)
53 Chest wall and breast 931
Thomas Collin, Julie Cox
Lungs and Diaphragm
54 Pleura, lungs, trachea and bronchi 953
Horia Muresian
55 Diaphragm and phrenic nerves 970
Marios Loukas
Heart and Mediastinum
56 Mediastinum 976
Horia Muresian
57 Heart 994
Marios Loukas
58 Great vessels 1024
Marios Loukas
Commentaries
7.1 Technical aspects and applications of diagnostic
radiology
Jonathan D Spratt
7.2 Endobronchial ultrasound
Natalie M Cummings
Videos
Video 52.1 – Animation of the pattern of contraction of the early
heart tube
Antoon FM Moorman
SECTION 8: ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
Section Editor (Abdomen): Mark D Stringer
Section Editors (Pelvis): Ariana L Smith and Alan J Wein
59 Abdomen and pelvis: overview and surface
anatomy 1033
Mark D Stringer, Ariana L Smith, Alan J Wein,
Richard Tunstall
60 Development of the peritoneal cavity,
gastrointestinal tract and its adnexae 1048
Patricia Collins
61 Anterior abdominal wall 1069
Michael J Rosen, Clayton C Petro, Mark D Stringer
62 Posterior abdominal wall and retroperitoneum 1083
Alexander G Pitman, Donald Moss, Mark D Stringer
63 Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity 1098
Paul H Sugarbaker
Gastrointestinal Tract
64 Abdominal oesophagus and stomach 1111
Hugh Barr, L Max Almond
65 Small intestine 1124
Simon M Gabe
66 Large intestine 1136
Peter J Lunniss
Abdominal Viscera
67 Liver 1160
J Peter A Lodge
68 Gallbladder and biliary tree 1173
Mark D Stringer
69 Pancreas 1179
Mohamed Rela, Mettu Srinivas Reddy
70 Spleen 1188
Andy Petroianu
71 Suprarenal (adrenal) gland 1194
Nancy Dugal Perrier
Urogenital System
72 Development of the urogenital system 1199
Patricia Collins, Girish Jawaheer, Richard M Sharpe
73 True pelvis, pelvic floor and perineum 1221
John OL Delancey
74 Kidney and ureter 1237
Thomas J Guzzo, Drew A Torigian
75 Bladder, prostate and urethra 1255
Serge Ginzburg, Anthony T Corcoran, Alexander Kutikov
76 Male reproductive system 1272
Marc Goldstein, Akanksha Mehta
77 Female reproductive system 1288
Lily A Arya, Nadav Schwartz
Commentaries
8.1 The neurovascular bundles of the prostate
Robert P Myers
8.2 Real-time microscopy of the upper and lower
gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary–pancreatic
system during endoscopy
Martin Götz
Videos
Video 63.1 – Surgical exploration of the peritoneal cavity
Paul H Sugarbaker
Video 75.1 – Laparoscopic view of bladder filling and emptying
in relation to the rectovesical pouch
Video 75.2 – Laparoscopic view of anterior abdominal wall and
ligaments
Serge Ginzberg, Anthony T Corcoran, Alexander Kutikov
SECTION 9: PELVIC GIRDLE AND
LOWER LIMB
Section Editor: R Shane Tubbs
78 Pelvic girdle and lower limb: overview and
surface anatomy 1316
Nihal Apaydin, Richard Tunstall
79 Development of the pelvic girdle and
lower limb 1334
Cheryll Tickle
80 Pelvic girdle, gluteal region and thigh 1337
Mohammadali M Shoja
81 Hip 1376
Donald A Neumann
82 Knee 1383
Brion Benninger
83 Leg 1400
Robert J Spinner, Benjamin M Howe
84 Ankle and foot 1418
Anthony V D’Antoni
Commentaries
9.1 Nerve biomechanics
Kimberly S Topp
9.2 Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the pelvis
Andry Vleeming, Frank H Willard
9.3 Articularis genus
Stephanie J Woodley
Videos
Video 78.1 – Lower limb surface anatomy
Rolfe Birch
Video 84.1 – Ankle block: surface anatomy
Dominic Harmon
Index 1453
Bonus imaging collection
Section 2
2.1 Human oocyte undergoing fertilization, cell division,
blastocyst development and hatching in vitro
Section 3
3.1 MRI head: axial T2-weighted
3.2 MRI head: coronal T2-weighted
3.3 MRI head: sagittal T2-weighted
Section 4
4.1 CT neck: axial post-IV contrast
4.2 CT neck: coronal post-IV contrast
Section 7
7.1 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: axial post-IV contrast
7.2 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: coronal post-IV contrast
7.3 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: sagittal post-IV contrast
Section 8
8.1 MRI male pelvis: axial T1-weighted
Section 9
9.1 MRI male pelvis: coronal T1-weighted
Eponyms
Historical bibliography
References cited in earlier editions, up to and including the
thirty-eighth edition
Preface Commentary
The continuing relevance of anatomy in current
surgical practice and research
R Shane Tubbs
Acknowledgements x
Contributors xi
Historical introduction
A brief history of Gray’s Anatomy
Ruth Richardson
Anatomical nomenclature xvi
Bibliography of selected titles xviii
SECTION 1: CELLS, TISSUES AND SYSTEMS
Section Editor: Caroline B Wigley
1 Basic structure and function of cells 4
Abraham L Kierszenbaum
2 Integrating cells into tissues 28
Caroline B Wigley
3 Nervous system 42
Helmut Kettenmann
4 Blood, lymphoid tissues and haemopoiesis 68
Andrew JT George
5 Functional anatomy of the musculoskeletal
system 81
Michael A Adams
6 Smooth muscle and the cardiovascular and
lymphatic systems 123
Jeremy PT Ward
7 Skin and its appendages 141
John A McGrath, Joey E Lai-Cheong
Commentaries
1.1 Fluorescence microscopy in cell biology today
Dylan M Owen
1.2 Stem cells in regenerative medicine
Jonathan M Fishman, Paolo De Coppi, Martin A Birchall
1.3 Merkel cells
Ellen A Lumpkin
1.4 Metaplasia
Jonathan MW Slack, Leonard P Griffiths, David Tosh
1.5 Electron microscopy in the twenty-first century
Roland A Fleck
1.6 The reaction of peripheral nerves to injury
Rolfe Birch
Videos
Video 1.1 – Mitosis in a cell with fluorescently-labelled
chromosomes and microtubules
Jonathon Pines, Daisuke Izawa
Video 1.5.1 – Diagnostic histopathology by electron microscopy
Video 1.5.2 – Serial block face scanning electron microscopy
(SBFSEM)
Roland A Fleck
SECTION 2: EMBRYOGENESIS
Section Editor: Patricia Collins
8 Preimplantation development 163
Alison Campbell, Patricia Collins
9 Implantation and placentation 171
Eric Jauniaux, Graham J Burton
10 Cell populations at gastrulation 181
Patricia Collins
11 Embryonic induction and cell division 189
Patricia Collins
12 Cell populations at the start of organogenesis 193
Patricia Collins
13 Early embryonic circulation 200
Patricia Collins
14 Pre- and postnatal development 205
Patricia Collins, Girish Jawaheer
15 Development of the limbs 218
Cheryll Tickle
Commentaries
2.1 Human anatomy informatics
Jonathan BL Bard, Paul N Schofield
2.2 An evolutionary consideration of pharyngeal
development
Anthony Graham, Victoria L Shone
Videos
Video 8.1 – Human in vitro fertilization and early development
Alison Campbell
Video 9.1 – Ultrasound features of the maternal placental blood
flow
Eric Jauniaux
Video 14.1 – Ultrasound features of the fetus at 26 weeks
Jonathan D Spratt, Patricia Collins
SECTION 3: NEUROANATOMY
Section Editor: Alan R Crossman
16 Overview of the nervous system 227
Alan R Crossman, Richard Tunstall
17 Development of the nervous system 238
Zoltán Molnár
18 Ventricular system and subarachnoid space 271
Jacob Bertram Springborg, Marianne Juhler
19 Vascular supply and drainage of the brain 280
Paul D Griffiths
20 Spinal cord: internal organization 291
Monty Silverdale
21 Brainstem 309
Duane E Haines
22 Cerebellum 331
Jan Voogd
23 Diencephalon 350
Ido Strauss, Nir Lipsman, Andres M Lozano
24 Basal ganglia 364
Tipu Aziz, Erlick AC Pereira
25 Cerebral hemispheres 373
Guilherme C Ribas
Commentary
3.1 The resting human brain and the predictive potential
of the default mode network
Stefano Sandrone
Videos
Video 18.1 – Interactive 3D rotation of the subarachnoid space
Video 18.2 – Interactive 3D rotation of the ventricles and
cisterns
Jose C Rios
Video 19.1 – Rotational angiography of an intracranial aneurysm
Paul D Griffiths
SECTION 4: HEAD AND NECK
Section Editor: Michael Gleeson
26 Head and neck: overview and surface
anatomy 404
Michael Gleeson, Richard Tunstall
Head and Neck
27 External skull 416
Sue Black
28 Intracranial region 429
Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
29 Neck 442
John C Watkinson, Michael Gleeson
30 Face and scalp 475
Simon Holmes
Upper Aerodigestive Tract
31 Oral cavity 507
Barry KB Berkovitz
32 Infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae
and temporomandibular joint 534
Barrie T Evans
33 Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses 556
Claire Hopkins
34 Pharynx 571
Stephen McHanwell
35 Larynx 586
Stephen McHanwell
36 Development of the head and neck 605
Gillian M Morriss-Kay
Special Senses
37 External and middle ear 624
Michael Gleeson
38 Inner ear 641
David N Furness
39 Development of the ear 658
Susan Standring
40 Development of the eye 661
Jane C Sowden
41 Orbit and accessory visual apparatus 666
John G Lawrenson, Ronald H Douglas
42 Eye 686
Ronald H Douglas, John G Lawrenson
Commentaries
4.1 Surgery of the skull base
Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
4.2 The role of three-dimensional imaging in facial
anatomical assessment
Vikram Sharma, Bruce Richard
4.3 Anatomy of facial ageing
Bryan C Mendelson, Chin-Ho Wong
Videos
Video 28.1 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
horizontal plane
Video 28.2 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
multiaxial plane
Video 28.3 – 3D surface rotation of the sella turcica in the
vertical plane
Michael D Luttrell
Video 30.1 – Pan-facial fractures
Video 30.2 – Postoperative cranio-orbital imaging
Video 30.3 – A comminuted zygomatic fracture (plus Le Fort I)
pattern
Video 30.4 – A comminuted zygomatic fracture pattern – post
reduction
Simon Holmes
Video 32.1 – Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy
demonstrating intracapsular anatomy of the joint
Gary Warburton
Video 32.2 – Endoscopic anatomy of the infratemporal and
pterygopalatine fossae
Carl H Snyderman, Juan C Fernandez-Miranda
Video 4.2.1 – 3D anatomical imaging of the face
Vikram Sharma
SECTION 5: BACK
Section Editor: Neel Anand
43 Back 710
Eli M Baron, Richard Tunstall
44 Development of the back 751
Bodo EA Christ, Martin Scaal
45 Spinal cord and spinal nerves: gross
anatomy 762
Eli M Baron
Commentary
5.1 Minimally invasive surgical corridors to the lumbar
spine
Y Raja Rampersaud
SECTION 6: PECTORAL GIRDLE AND
UPPER LIMB
Section Editor: Rolfe Birch
46 Pectoral girdle and upper limb: overview and
surface anatomy 776
Rolfe Birch, Richard Tunstall
47 Development of the pectoral girdle and
upper limb 794
Cheryll Tickle
48 Shoulder girdle and arm 797
Simon M Lambert
49 Elbow and forearm 837
Leela C Biant
50 Wrist and hand 862
Alistair C Ross
Commentaries
6.1 Injuries of the supraclavicular brachial plexus
Rolfe Birch
6.2 Nerves at risk from musculoskeletal injury
Rolfe Birch
6.3 Thoracic outlet syndromes
Rolfe Birch
Videos
Video 46.1 – Upper limb surface anatomy
Rolfe Birch
Video 50.1 – Movements of the hand
Rolfe Birch
Video 50.2 – Wrist block: surface anatomy
Dominic Harmon
SECTION 7: THORAX
Section Editor: Jonathan D Spratt
51 Thorax: overview and surface anatomy 898
Jonathan D Spratt, Richard Tunstall
52 Development of the thorax 905
Andrew Bush (lungs), Patricia Collins (thoracic walls),
Antoon FM Moorman (heart)
53 Chest wall and breast 931
Thomas Collin, Julie Cox
Lungs and Diaphragm
54 Pleura, lungs, trachea and bronchi 953
Horia Muresian
55 Diaphragm and phrenic nerves 970
Marios Loukas
Heart and Mediastinum
56 Mediastinum 976
Horia Muresian
57 Heart 994
Marios Loukas
58 Great vessels 1024
Marios Loukas
Commentaries
7.1 Technical aspects and applications of diagnostic
radiology
Jonathan D Spratt
7.2 Endobronchial ultrasound
Natalie M Cummings
Videos
Video 52.1 – Animation of the pattern of contraction of the early
heart tube
Antoon FM Moorman
SECTION 8: ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
Section Editor (Abdomen): Mark D Stringer
Section Editors (Pelvis): Ariana L Smith and Alan J Wein
59 Abdomen and pelvis: overview and surface
anatomy 1033
Mark D Stringer, Ariana L Smith, Alan J Wein,
Richard Tunstall
60 Development of the peritoneal cavity,
gastrointestinal tract and its adnexae 1048
Patricia Collins
61 Anterior abdominal wall 1069
Michael J Rosen, Clayton C Petro, Mark D Stringer
62 Posterior abdominal wall and retroperitoneum 1083
Alexander G Pitman, Donald Moss, Mark D Stringer
63 Peritoneum and peritoneal cavity 1098
Paul H Sugarbaker
Gastrointestinal Tract
64 Abdominal oesophagus and stomach 1111
Hugh Barr, L Max Almond
65 Small intestine 1124
Simon M Gabe
66 Large intestine 1136
Peter J Lunniss
Abdominal Viscera
67 Liver 1160
J Peter A Lodge
68 Gallbladder and biliary tree 1173
Mark D Stringer
69 Pancreas 1179
Mohamed Rela, Mettu Srinivas Reddy
70 Spleen 1188
Andy Petroianu
71 Suprarenal (adrenal) gland 1194
Nancy Dugal Perrier
Urogenital System
72 Development of the urogenital system 1199
Patricia Collins, Girish Jawaheer, Richard M Sharpe
73 True pelvis, pelvic floor and perineum 1221
John OL Delancey
74 Kidney and ureter 1237
Thomas J Guzzo, Drew A Torigian
75 Bladder, prostate and urethra 1255
Serge Ginzburg, Anthony T Corcoran, Alexander Kutikov
76 Male reproductive system 1272
Marc Goldstein, Akanksha Mehta
77 Female reproductive system 1288
Lily A Arya, Nadav Schwartz
Commentaries
8.1 The neurovascular bundles of the prostate
Robert P Myers
8.2 Real-time microscopy of the upper and lower
gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary–pancreatic
system during endoscopy
Martin Götz
Videos
Video 63.1 – Surgical exploration of the peritoneal cavity
Paul H Sugarbaker
Video 75.1 – Laparoscopic view of bladder filling and emptying
in relation to the rectovesical pouch
Video 75.2 – Laparoscopic view of anterior abdominal wall and
ligaments
Serge Ginzberg, Anthony T Corcoran, Alexander Kutikov
SECTION 9: PELVIC GIRDLE AND
LOWER LIMB
Section Editor: R Shane Tubbs
78 Pelvic girdle and lower limb: overview and
surface anatomy 1316
Nihal Apaydin, Richard Tunstall
79 Development of the pelvic girdle and
lower limb 1334
Cheryll Tickle
80 Pelvic girdle, gluteal region and thigh 1337
Mohammadali M Shoja
81 Hip 1376
Donald A Neumann
82 Knee 1383
Brion Benninger
83 Leg 1400
Robert J Spinner, Benjamin M Howe
84 Ankle and foot 1418
Anthony V D’Antoni
Commentaries
9.1 Nerve biomechanics
Kimberly S Topp
9.2 Functional anatomy and biomechanics of the pelvis
Andry Vleeming, Frank H Willard
9.3 Articularis genus
Stephanie J Woodley
Videos
Video 78.1 – Lower limb surface anatomy
Rolfe Birch
Video 84.1 – Ankle block: surface anatomy
Dominic Harmon
Index 1453
Bonus imaging collection
Section 2
2.1 Human oocyte undergoing fertilization, cell division,
blastocyst development and hatching in vitro
Section 3
3.1 MRI head: axial T2-weighted
3.2 MRI head: coronal T2-weighted
3.3 MRI head: sagittal T2-weighted
Section 4
4.1 CT neck: axial post-IV contrast
4.2 CT neck: coronal post-IV contrast
Section 7
7.1 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: axial post-IV contrast
7.2 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: coronal post-IV contrast
7.3 CT chest, abdomen and pelvis: sagittal post-IV contrast
Section 8
8.1 MRI male pelvis: axial T1-weighted
Section 9
9.1 MRI male pelvis: coronal T1-weighted
Eponyms
Historical bibliography
References cited in earlier editions, up to and including the
thirty-eighth edition