Ebersole and Hess’ Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging, Fourth Edition
By Theris A Touhy and Kathleen F Jett
Contents:
1 Introduction to Healthy Aging 1
Aging in the United States 1
Moving Toward Healthy Aging 3
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs 7
2 Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles 11
Care of Older Adults: A Nursing Imperative 11
History of Gerontological Nursing 13
Gerontological Nursing Education 16
Roles in Gerontological Nursing 18
Gerontological Nursing and
Gerontology Organizations 22
3 Care Across the Continuum 26
Elder-Friendly Communities 27
Residential Options In Later Life 28
Community and Home Care 30
Acute Care 32
Nursing Homes (Long-Term Care Facilities) 32
Improving Transitions Across
the Continuum of Care 37
4 Culture and Aging 43
The Gerontological Explosion 45
Health Disparities 45
Increasing Cultural Competence 46
5 Theories of Aging and Physical Changes 55
Biological Theories of Aging 56
Physical Changes that Accompany Aging 57
6 Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging 72
Life Span Development Approach 73
Types of Aging 73
Sociological Theories of Aging 74
Psychological Theories of Aging 75
Spirituality and Aging 77
Cognition and Aging 80
Learning in Late Life 83
Section 2 Fundamentals of Caring
7 Assessment and Documentation for Optimal Care 88
Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing 89
Activites of Daily Living 96
Instrumental Activities of
Daily Living 98
Documentation for Quality Care 101
Documentation Across Health Care Settings 101
Appendix 7-1: Chapters in Which Assessment Topics Are Addressed 105
8 Safe Medication Use 106
Pharmacokinetics 107
Pharmacodynamics 110
Chronopharmacology 112
Medication-Related Problems and Older Adults 112
Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) 114
9 Nutrition and Hydration 127
Nutrition 127
Age-Related Requirements 128
Obesity (Overnutrition) 130
Malnutrition 130
Factors Affecting Fulfillment of Nutritional Needs 132
Special Considerations in Nutrition for Older People: Hydration, Dysphagia, Oral Care 140
10 Elimination 151
Bladder Function 152
Bowel Elimination 162
11 Rest, Sleep, and Activity 169
Rest and Sleep 169
Activity 175
Interventions 177
12 Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet 182
Skin 182
Healthy Feet 191
13 Promoting Safety 196
Falls and Fall Risk Reduction 196
Restraints and Side Rails 209
Environmental Safety 210
Transportation Safety 217
Section 3 Coping with Chronic Disorders in Late Life
Section 3 Coping with Chronic Disorders in Late Life
14 Living with Chronic Illness 223
Chronic Illness 223
Theoretical Frameworks for
Chronic Illness 226
15 Pain and Comfort 233
Acute and Persistent Pain 235
16 Diseases Affecting Vision and Hearing 246
Vision 247
Hearing Impairment 253
17 Metabolic Disorders 260
Thyroid Disease 261
Diabetes 262
18 Bone and Joint Problems 271
Musculoskeletal System 272
Osteoporosis 272
The Arthritides 275
19 Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disorders 281
Cardiovascular Disease 282
Respiratory Disorders 287
20 Neurological Disorders 296
Cerebrovascular Disease 297
Parkinson’s Disease 301
Communication and Elders with Neurological Disorders 304
21 Cognitive Impairment 309
Cognitive Assessment 311
Delirium 311
Dementia 316
Caregiving for Persons with Dementia 330
22 Mental Health 336
Factors Influencing Mental Health Care 337
Mental Health Disorders 339
Psychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults 342
Schizophrenia 344
Bipolar Disorder 345
Depression 346
Suicide 352
Substance Misuse and Alcohol
Use Disorders 353
Section 4 Caring for Elders and Their Caregivers
23 Economic and Legal Issues 361
Social Security 362
Medicare and Medicaid 363
Care For Veterans 366
Long-Term Care Insurance 367
Legal Issues in Gerontological Nursing 368
Elder Mistreatment and Neglect 370
Appendix 23-1: Definitions of Elder Abuse and Neglect 375
24 Relationships, Roles, and Transitions 377
Families 378
Later Life Transitions 381
Caregiving 385
Intimacy and Sexuality 391
HIV/AIDS and Older Adults 399
25 Loss, Death, and Palliative Care 404
The Grieving Process 405
Dying, Death, and Palliative Care 410
Dying and the Nurse 414
Decision Making at the End of Life 415