Mathematics for Machine Technology, Eighth Edition
By John C. Peterson and Robert D. Smith
Contents:
vi Preface
1 section 1 Common Fractions and Decimal Fractions
UNIT 1 Introduction to Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 1
UNIT 2 Addition of Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 8
UNIT 3 Subtraction of Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 14
UNIT 4 Multiplication of Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 20
UNIT 5 Division of Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 27
UNIT 6 Combined Operations of Common Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 33
UNIT 7 Computing with a Calculator: Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 40
UNIT 8 Computing with a Spreadsheet: Fractions and Mixed Numbers / 49
UNIT 9 Introduction to Decimal Fractions / 57
UNIT 10 Rounding Decimal Fractions and Equivalent Decimal and Common Fractions / 63
UNIT 11 Addition and Subtraction of Decimal Fractions / 69
UNIT 12 Multiplication of Decimal Fractions / 74
UNIT 13 Division of Decimal Fractions / 78
UNIT 14 Powers / 84
UNIT 15 Roots / 91
UNIT 16 Table of Decimal Equivalents and Combined Operations of Decimal Fractions / 97
UNIT 17 Computing with a Calculator: Decimals / 103
UNIT 18 Computing with a Spreadsheet: Decimals / 112
UNIT 19 Achievement Review—Section One / 121
126 Section 2 Ratio, Proportion, and Percentage
UNIT 20 Ratio and Proportion / 126
UNIT 21 Direct and Inverse Proportions / 135
UNIT 22 Introduction to Percents / 141
UNIT 23 Basic Calculations of Percentages, Percents, and Rates / 145
UNIT 24 Percent Practical Applications / 150
UNIT 25 Achievement Review—Section Two / 157
160 Section 3 Linear Measurement: Customary (English) and Metric
UNIT 26 Customary (English) Units of Measure / 160
UNIT 27 Metric Units of Linear Measure / 169
UNIT 28 Degree of Precision, Greatest Possible Error, Absolute Error, and Relative Error / 178
UNIT 29 Tolerance, Clearance, and Interference / 183
UNIT 30 Customary and Metric Steel Rules / 192
UNIT 31 Customary Vernier Calipers and Height Gages / 203
UNIT 32 Metric Vernier Calipers and Height Gages / 212
UNIT 33 Digital Calipers and Height Gages / 215
UNIT 34 Customary Micrometers / 218
UNIT 35 Metric Vernier Micrometers / 226
UNIT 36 Digital Micrometers / 231
UNIT 37 Customary and Metric Gage Blocks / 234
UNIT 38 Achievement Review—Section Three / 238
244 Section 4 Fundamentals of Algebra
UNIT 39 Symbolism and Algebraic Expressions / 244
UNIT 40 Signed Numbers / 253
UNIT 41 Algebraic Operations of Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication / 267
UNIT 42 Algebraic Operations of Division, Powers, and Roots / 274
UNIT 43 Introduction to Equations / 287
UNIT 44 Solution of Equations by the Subtraction, Addition, and Division Principles of Equality / 295
UNIT 45 Solution of Equations by the Multiplication, Root, and Power Principles of Equality / 306
UNIT 46 Solution of Equations Consisting of Combined Operations and Rearrangement of Formulas / 313
UNIT 47 Applications of Formulas to Cutting Speed, Revolutions per Minute, and Cutting Time / 324
UNIT 48 Applications of Formulas to Spur Gears / 334
UNIT 49 Achievement Review—Section Four / 343
347 Section 5 Fundamentals of Plane Geometry
UNIT 50 Lines and Angular Measure / 347
UNIT 51 Protractors—Simple Semicircular and Vernier / 363
UNIT 52 Types of Angles and Angular Geometric Principles / 370
UNIT 53 Introduction to Triangles / 380
UNIT 54 Geometric Principles for Triangles and Other Common Polygons / 387
UNIT 55 Introduction to Circles / 399
UNIT 56 Arcs and Angles of Circles, Tangent Circles / 409
UNIT 57 Fundamental Geometric Constructions / 420
UNIT 58 Achievement Review—Section Five / 430
437 Section 6 Geometric Figures: Areas and Volumes
UNIT 59 Areas of Rectangles, Parallelograms, and Trapezoids / 437
UNIT 60 Areas of Triangles / 449
UNIT 61 Areas of Circles, Sectors, and Segments / 454
UNIT 62 Volumes of Prisms and Cylinders / 462
UNIT 63 Volumes of Pyramids and Cones / 473
UNIT 64 Volumes of Spheres and Composite Solid Figures / 481
UNIT 65 Achievement Review—Section Six / 488
494 Section 7 Trigonometry
UNIT 66 Introduction to Trigonometric Functions / 494
UNIT 67 Analysis of Trigonometric Functions / 506
UNIT 68 Basic Calculations of Angles and Sides of Right Triangles / 511
UNIT 69 Simple Practical Machine Applications / 519
UNIT 70 Complex Practical Machine Applications / 529
UNIT 71 The Cartesian Coordinate System / 542
UNIT 72 Oblique Triangles: Law of Sines and Law of Cosines / 546
UNIT 73 Achievement Review—Section Seven / 558
563 Section 8 Compound Angles
UNIT 74 Introduction to Compound Angles / 563
UNIT 75 Drilling and Boring Compound-Angular Holes: Computing Angles of Rotation and Tilt Using Given Lengths / 567
UNIT 76 Drilling and Boring Compound-Angular Holes: Computing Angles of Rotation and Tilt Using Given Angles / 573
UNIT 77 Machining Compound-Angular Surfaces: Computing Angles of Rotation and Tilt / 581
UNIT 78 Computing Angles Made by the Intersection of Two Angular Surfaces / 590
UNIT 79 Computing Compound Angles on Cutting and Forming Tools / 598
UNIT 80 Achievement Review—Section Eight / 608
610 section 9 Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
UNIT 81 Introduction to Computer Numerical Control (CNC) / 610
UNIT 82 Control Systems, Absolute Positioning, Incremental Positioning / 621
UNIT 83 Location of Points: Polar Coordinate System / 631
UNIT 84 Binary Numeration System / 638
UNIT 85 Hexadecimal Numeration System / 645
UNIT 86 BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) Numeration Systems / 650
UNIT 87 An Introduction to G- and M-Codes for CNC Programming / 655
UNIT 88 Achievement Review—Section Nine / 669
674 Appendixes
A United States Customary and Metric Units of Measure / 674
B Principles of Plane Geometry / 676
C Formulas for Areas (A ) of Plane Figures / 678
D Formulas for Volumes (V ) of Solid Figures / 679
E Trigonometry / 680
F Common G- and M-Codes / 682
684 Answers to odd-numberd Applications
720 Index