Living with Art, Thirteenth Edition
Mark Getlein and Kelly Donahue-Wallace
CONTENTS
About Living with Art xiii
The Thirteenth Edition xvii
Acknowledgments xxiii
SmartBook and Connect xxiv
1 Living with Art 3
Art in Daily Life 6
Art in the News 7
Art’s Influence on History 9
How Art Shapes Everyday Life 12
What Is Art? 14
Learning to Look 21
ARTISTS: Maya Lin 5
2 Artists and Audiences 27
The Impulse for Art 27
Art and Creativity 29
Making Art 30
The Creative Process 30
Artists at Work 33
Looking at Art 39
Art and Perception 39
Art and Appearance 41
Understanding Art 44
Materials and Techniques 45
Form 46
Style 48
Content 50
Iconography 51
Context and Function 51
THINKING ABOUT ART: Copying, Copyright, and
Intellectual Property 32
ARTISTS: Louise Bourgeois 43
3 Themes of Art 54
The Sacred Realm 54
Politics and the Social Order 58
Stories and Histories 61
Picturing the Here and Now 65
Reflecting on the Self 68
Invention and Fantasy 70
The Natural World 73
Art about Art and Its Institutions 76
THINKING ABOUT ART: Iconoclasm 57
ARTISTS: Robert Rauschenberg 67
PART TWO: THE VOCABULARY OF ART 80
4 The Visual Elements 81
Line 82
Contour and Outline 83
Direction and Movement 83
Implied Lines 85
Shape and Mass 86
Figure and Ground 88
Implied Shapes 89
Light 89
Represented Light 89
Modeling Mass in Two Dimensions 90
Color 92
Color Theory 92
Color Properties 94
Color Harmonies 97
Optical Effects of Color 98
Expressive Possibilities of Color 99
Texture and Pattern 100
Actual Texture 100
Visual Texture 101
Pattern 102
Space 103
Three-Dimensional Space 103
Implied Space: Suggesting Depth in Two
Dimensions 105
Linear Perspective 106
Foreshortening 108
Atmospheric Perspective 108
Isometric Perspective 110
Time and Motion 111
THINKING ABOUT ART: A Global History of
Color 96
5 Principles of Design 115
Unity and Variety 115
Balance 118
Symmetrical Balance 118
Asymmetrical Balance 121
Emphasis and Subordination 124
Scale and Proportion 127
Rhythm 131
Elements and Principles: Formal
Analysis 135
ARTISTS: Ansel Adams 134
PART THREE: TWO-DIMENSIONAL MEDIA 138
6 Drawing 139
Materials for Drawing 143
Dry Media 143
Graphite 143
Metalpoint 144
Charcoal 145
Chalk, Crayon, and Pastel 145
Liquid Media 148
Pen and Ink 148
Brush and Ink 149
Drawing and Beyond 151
Exploring the Support 151
Drawing Beyond Paper 152
ARTISTS: Howling Wolf 142
THINKING ABOUT ART: Paño Art 154
7 Painting 156
Encaustic 157
Fresco 157
Tempera 159
Oil 162
Pastel, Watercolor, Gouache, and Similar
Media 166
Acrylic 169
Painting and Beyond 170
Off the Wall 171
Painting without Paint 172
Mixing Media 173
Sumptuous Images: Mosaic and
Tapestry 174
ARTISTS: Jacob Lawrence 161
ARTISTS: Georgia O’Keeffe 167
8 Prints 179
Relief 180
Woodcut 180
Wood Engraving 183
Linocut 184
Intaglio 185
Engraving 185
Drypoint 188
Mezzotint 189
Etching 190
Aquatint 191
Lithography 192
Screenprinting 195
Monotype and Monoprint 196
Digital 198
Recent Directions: Printing on the
World 199
ARTISTS: Käthe Kollwitz 182
ARTISTS: Albrecht Dürer 187
THINKING ABOUT ART: Caricatures and
Cartoons 194
9 Camera and Computer
Arts 202
Photography 203
The Still Camera and Its Beginnings 204
The Photograph as Document and Art 212
Film and Video 217
The Origins of Motion Pictures 218
Film and Art 220
Video 223
New Media and the Internet 225
THINKING ABOUT ART: Censorship 211
ARTISTS: Wafaa Bilal 227
10 Graphic Design 230
Signs and Symbols 231
Typography and Layout 233
Word and Image 235
Data Visualization and Interactivity 238
Graphic Design and Art 240
ARTISTS: Shepard Fairey 237
THINKING ABOUT ART: Is Design Art? 244
PART FOUR: THREE-DIMENSIONAL MEDIA 246
11 Sculpture and
Installation 247
Methods and Materials of Sculpture 249
Carving 249
Modeling and Molds 250
Casting 251
Assembling 255
Digital Methods 256
Working with Time and Place 257
The Human Figure in Sculpture 264
ARTISTS: Janine Antoni 254
THINKING ABOUT ART: Public Art
Controversies 263
12 Arts of Ritual and Daily
Life 270
Clay 270
Glass 272
Metal 274
Wood 275
Fiber 277
Ivory, Jade, and Lacquer 280
Art, Craft, Design 283
THINKING ABOUT ART: Robbing Graves or
Preserving History? 279
THINKING ABOUT ART: The Ivory Trade 281
THINKING ABOUT ART: Engaging Tradition 286
13 Architecture 291
Structural Systems in Architecture 292
Load-Bearing Construction 293
Post-and-Lintel 295
Corbeled Arch and Vault 298
Round Arch and Vault 299
Pointed Arch and Vault 301
Dome 303
Cast-Iron Construction 308
Balloon-Frame Construction 309
Steel-Frame Construction 310
Reinforced Concrete 313
New Technology, New Materials, Current
Concerns 314
Digital Design and Fabrication 315
Fabric Architecture 318
Sustainability: Green Architecture 320
THINKING ABOUT ART: Architecture as Social
Space 317
ARTISTS: Zaha Hadid 319
PART FIVE: ARTS IN TIME 326
14 Ancient Mediterranean
Worlds 327
The Oldest Art 327
Mesopotamia 330
Egypt 335
The Aegean 338
The Classical World: Greece and
Rome 339
Greece 340
Rome 347
THINKING ABOUT ART: Destroying Works of
Art 334
THINKING ABOUT ART: The Marbles and the
Museums 346
15 Christianity and the
Formation of Europe 353
The Rise of Christianity 353
Byzantium 357
The Middle Ages in Europe 359
The Early Middle Ages 359
The High Middle Ages 361
Toward the Renaissance 368
16 The Renaissance 370
The Early and High Renaissance in
Italy 372
The Renaissance in the North 384
The Late Renaissance in Italy 390
THINKING ABOUT ART: Art and the Power of
Families 378
ARTISTS: Michelangelo 382
17 The 17th and 18th
Centuries 394
The Baroque Era 394
The 18th Century in Europe 408
The Americas in the 18th Century 416
ARTISTS: Artemisia Gentileschi 399
ARTISTS: Rembrandt van Rijn 406
THINKING ABOUT ART: Academies 414
ARTISTS: Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun 415
18 Arts of Islam and of
Africa 421
Arts of Islam 421
Architecture: Mosques and Palaces 422
Book Arts 426
Arts of Daily Life 427
Arts of Africa 429
THINKING ABOUT ART: Islam and the
Preservation of Learning 428
19 Arts of Asia: India,
China, and Japan 439
Arts of India 440
Indus Valley Civilization 440
Buddhism and Its Art 441
Hinduism and Its Art 443
Jain Art 444
Mughal Art and Influence 445
Into the Modern Era 447
Arts of China 449
The Formative Period: Shang to Qin 449
Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism: Han and
Tang Dynasties 450
The Rise of Landscape Painting: Song 453
Scholars and Others: Yuan, Ming, and
Qing 456
Into the Modern Era 460
Arts of Japan 460
New Ideas and Influences: Asuka 461
Refinements of the Court: Heian 462
Samurai Culture: Kamakura and
Muromachi 463
Splendor in the Momoyama Period 465
Art for Everyone: Edo 466
ARTISTS: Lala Deen Dayal 448
THINKING ABOUT ART: The Silk
Road 455
20 Arts of the Pacific and
of the Americas 469
Pacific Cultures 469
The Americas 475
Mesoamerica 475
South America 481
North America 484
Into the Modern Era 489
THINKING ABOUT ART: Body Art 474
21 The Modern World:
1800–1945 492
Romanticism 493
Realism 494
Impressionism 496
Post-Impressionism and Art Nouveau 499
Post-Impressionism 499
Art Nouveau 502
Bridging the Atlantic: The Americas in the
19th Century 503
Into the 20th Century: The Avant-
Garde 507
Freeing Color: Fauvism and
Expressionism 507
Shattering Form: Cubism 510
Futurism 512
World War I and After: Dada and
Surrealism 512
Between the Wars: Building New
Societies 515
ARTISTS: Vincent van Gogh 501
THINKING ABOUT ART: The Nazi Campaign
against Modern Art 518
22 From Modern to
Postmodern 521
The New York School 522
Into the Sixties 524
Art of the Sixties and Seventies 527
Pop Art 527
Minimalism and After 529
Process Art 530
Installation 530
Body Art and Performance 531
Land Art 532
Conceptual Art 533
Feminism and Feminist Art 535
Art of the Eighties and Nineties:
Postmodernism 536
Postmodern Ideas 537
Words and Images, Issues and
Identities 539
THINKING ABOUT ART: Young British Artists
and the Sensation Exhibition 540
23 Contemporary Art
around the World 546
THINKING ABOUT ART: Sales and
Value 554
Pronunciation Guide 561
Suggested Readings 565
Glossary 569
Index 577